Federal Senate (Brazil)
| 57th Legislature of the National Congress | |
| Type | |
|---|---|
| Type | Upper house of the National Congress of Brazil |
| Term limits | None |
| History | |
| Founded | 6 May 1826 |
| New session started | 2 February 2026 |
| Leadership | |
| President | Davi Alcolumbre, UNIÃO since 1 February 2025 |
| Government Leader | Teresa Leitão, PT since 25 June 2026 |
| Majority Leader | Veneziano Vital do Rêgo, MDB since 19 February 2025 |
| Opposition Leader | Rogério Marinho, PL since 18 October 2024 |
| Minority Leader | Ciro Nogueira, PP since 7 February 2023 |
| Female Caucus Leader | Dorinha Rezende, UNIÃO since 9 July 2025 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 81 |
| Political groups | Outgoing legislature Government (40) PSD (14) PT (9) MDB (9) PSB (7) PDT (1) Opposition (23) PL (15) PSDB (4) Podemos (3) Avante (1) Independent (17) PP (8) Republicans (6) UNIÃO (3) No party (1) |
| Political groups | Incoming legislature PL (29) UPB (11)[1] PT (10) MDB (8) Republicans (6) PSD (4) PSB (4) NOVO (3) PSDB (2) Podemos (2) REDE (1) PDT (1) |
| Length of term | 8 years |
| Salary | R$ 33,763.00 (and benefits)[2] |
| Elections | |
| Voting system | Plurality voting, alternating every four years between single-member elections (FPTP) and dual-member elections (block voting) |
| Last election | 4 October 2026 |
| Meeting place | |
| Senate plenary chamber National Congress Palace Brasília, Federal District, Brazil | |
| Website | |
| www.senado.leg.br | |
The Federal Senate (Portuguese: Senado Federal) is the upper house of the National Congress of Brazil. When created under the Imperial Constitution in 1824, it was based on the House of Lords of the British Parliament, but since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889 and under the first republican Constitution the Federal Senate has resembled the United States Senate.
The current president of the Federal Senate is Davi Alcolumbre, a member of UNIÃO from Amapá. He was re-elected in February 2025 for his two-year non-consecutive term, as he had already led the Senate between 2019-21 during the presidency of Jair Bolsonaro.
Membership#edit
The Senate has 81 members, serving an eight-year term of office. There are three senators from each of the country's 27 federal units, the Federal District and the 26 states. Elections are staggered so that either one-third or two-thirds of senators in each federal unit are up for election every four years. The most recent election took place in 2022, where one-third of the Senate was elected.
Elections are held under the first-past-the-post and block voting systems. In years when a third of members are up for election, voters can cast only one vote and the candidate who receives a plurality of votes within their state is elected. In years when two-thirds of members are up for election, voters can cast two votes. People can not vote for the same candidate twice, but each party can field up to two candidates in each state. The two highest-placed candidates in each state are elected.
History#edit
Following Brazil's independence, in 1822, Emperor Pedro I summoned the Legislative and Constituent General Assembly to draft the country's first Constitution. After several disagreements with the elected constituent deputies (which included representatives from present-day Uruguay, then a province of the Brazilian Empire) over the Emperor's role, he dissolved the Assembly in November 1823 and tasked his Council of State with drafting a new Constitution. The following year, he issued Brazil's first Constitution, which established the General Assembly as the country's legislative branch, with the Chamber of Deputies as the lower house, and the Senate as the upper house.
The Imperial Senate was modelled on the House of Lords of the British Parliament.[3] It had 50 members, who served for life and represented the Empire's provinces, each with a number of senators proportional to their population. In addition to these elected senators, daughters and sons of the Emperor aged at least 25 were senators by right.
The elected members of the Senate had to be at least 40 years old and have an annual income of 800,000 contos-de-réis, which limited candidates to wealthy citizens and the landed aristocracy. Voters also faced an income qualification. Voting in an election for the Senate was limited to male citizens with an annual income of at least 200,000 contos-de-réis. Those who qualified for this did not vote directly for senators; instead, they voted for candidates to be Senate electors. To be a Senate elector required an annual income of 400,000 contos-de-réis. Once elected, these electors would then vote for senators. The election itself would not result in a winner automatically. The three candidates receiving the most votes would make up what was called a triple list, from which the Emperor would select one individual that would be considered elected. The Emperor usually chose the candidate with the most votes, but it was within his constitutional discretion to select whichever of the three individuals listed.
Following the adoption of the 1824 Constitution, the first session of the Senate took place in May 1826. The Emperor had repeatedly delayed calling the first election, which had led to accusations that he would attempt to establish an absolutist government.
The Proclamation of the Republic in 1889 ended the Brazilian Empire in favor of the First Republic. The 1891 Constitution was then adopted, transforming Brazil's provinces into states and removing the Senate's life tenure. This was retained under later constitutions, including the current 1988 Constitution. Now known as the Federal Senate, it resembles the United States Senate in that each state has the same number of senators.
Presiding Board#edit
The current composition of the Mesa Diretora (Presiding Board) of the Federal Senate is as follows:[4]
| Office | Portrait | Name | Party | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| President | Davi Alcolumbre | UNIÃO | Amapá | |
| 1st Vice-President | Eduardo Gomes | PL | Tocantins | |
| 2nd Vice-President | Humberto Costa | PT | Pernambuco | |
| 1st Secretary | Daniella Ribeiro | PP | Paraíba | |
| 2nd Secretary | Confúcio Moura | MDB | Rondônia | |
| 3rd Secretary | Ana Paula Lobato | PSB | Maranhão | |
| 4th Secretary | Laercio Oliveira | PP | Sergipe | |
| 1st Substitute | Chico Rodrigues | PSB | Roraima | |
| 2nd Substitute | Roberta Acioly | Republicanos | Roraima | |
| 3rd Substitute | Styvenson Valentim | PODE | Rio Grande do Norte | |
| 4th Substitute | Soraya Thronicke | PSB | Mato Grosso do Sul |
Party composition#edit
The current party composition of the Senate (57th Legislature) is as follows:[5][6]
| Party | Seats | Floor leader | Portrait | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal Party | 15 | Carlos Portinho | ||
| Social Democratic Party | 14 | Omar Aziz | ||
| Workers' Party | 9 | Camilo Santana | ||
| Brazilian Democratic Movement | 9 | Eduardo Braga | ||
| Progressistas | 8 | Tereza Cristina | ||
| Brazilian Socialist Party | 6 | Cid Gomes | ||
| Republicans | 6 | Alan Rick | ||
| Brazilian Social Democracy Party | 4 | Plínio Valério | ||
| Podemos | 3 | Alexandre Giordano | ||
| Brazil Union | 3 | Dorinha Rezende | ||
| Democratic Labour Party | 2 | Weverton Rocha | ||
| Avante | 1 | Marcos do Val | ||
Current senators#edit
Standing committees#edit
| Committee | Chair | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Economic Affairs | Renan Calheiros | [88] |
| Social Affairs | Marcelo Castro | [89] |
| Communication and Digital Law | TBA | [90] |
| Constitution, Justice and Citizenship | Otto Alencar | [91] |
| Science, Technology, Innovation and Informatics | Flávio Arns | [92] |
| Defense of Democracy | TBA | [93] |
| Human Rights and Participatory Legislation | Damares Alves | [94] |
| Directing Board | Davi Alcolumbre | [95] |
| Regional Development and Tourism | Dorinha Rezende | [96] |
| Education and Culture | Camilo Santana | [97] |
| Sports | TBA | [98] |
| Infrastructure Services | Marcos Rogério | [99] |
| Environment | Fabiano Contarato | [100] |
| Agriculture and Agrarian Reform | Zequinha Marinho | [101] |
| Foreign Affairs and National Defense | Nelson Trad | [102] |
| Public Security | Flávio Bolsonaro | [103] |
| Transparency, Governance, Oversight and Control, and Consumer Protection | Hiran Gonçalves | [104] |
See also#edit
Notes#edit
- ^ UNIÃO (5); PP (6)
- ^ Santos, Larissa (11 January 2021). "Saiba quanto ganham os presidentes do Senado e da Câmara". CNN Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 28 January 2022.
- ^ "Senado Federal completa hoje 185 anos". R7 (in Portuguese). 6 May 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2012. O Senado Federal foi criado com a primeira Constituição do Império, outorgada em 1824, inspirado, primeiramente, na Câmara dos Lordes da Grã-Bretanha. Sua primeira reunião ocorreu em 6 de maio de 1826..
- ^ "Comissão Diretora - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadores em Exercício - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Lideranças Parlamentares - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Alan Rick - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Marcio Bittar - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Sérgio Petecão - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Dra. Eudócia - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Renan Calheiros - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Renan Filho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Eduardo Braga - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Omar Aziz - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Plínio Valério - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Davi Alcolumbre - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Lucas Barreto - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Randolfe Rodrigues - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Angelo Coronel - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jaques Wagner - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Otto Alencar - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Camilo Santana - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Cid Gomes - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Sargento Reginauro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Damares Alves - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Izalci Lucas - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Leany Lemos - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "Senador Fabiano Contarato - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Magno Malta - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Marcos do Val - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jorge Kajuru - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Vanderlan Cardoso - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Wilder Morais - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Eliziane Gama - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Lourdinha Pereira - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Weverton - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Carlos Viana - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Cleitinho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Renzo Braz - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Nelsinho Trad - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Soraya Thronicke - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Tereza Cristina - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Carlos Fávaro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jayme Campos - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Wellington Fagundes - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Beto Faro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jader Barbalho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Zequinha Marinho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Daniella Ribeiro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Efraim Filho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Veneziano Vital do Rêgo - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Fernando Dueire - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Humberto Costa - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Teresa Leitão - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Ciro Nogueira - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Jussara Lima - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Marcelo Castro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Flávio Arns - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Oriovisto Guimarães - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Sergio Moro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Carlos Portinho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Flávio Bolsonaro - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Romário - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Rogerio Marinho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Styvenson Valentim - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Zenaide Maia - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Confúcio Moura - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jaime Bagattoli - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Marcos Rogério - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Chico Rodrigues - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Dr. Hiran - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Roberta Acioly - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Hamilton Mourão - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Luis Carlos Heinze - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Paulo Paim - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Esperidião Amin - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Ivete da Silveira - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Jorge Seif - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Alessandro Vieira - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Laércio Oliveira - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Rogério Carvalho - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Astronauta Marcos Pontes - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Giordano - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Mara Gabrilli - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Eduardo Gomes - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senador Irajá - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "Senadora Professora Dorinha Seabra - Senado Federal". www25.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-03.
- ^ "CAE - Comissão de Assuntos Econômicos - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CAS - Comissão de Assuntos Sociais - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CCDD - Comissão de Comunicação e Direito Digital - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CCJ - Comissão de Constituição, Justiça e Cidadania - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CCT - Comissão de Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Informática - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CDD - Comissão de Defesa da Democracia - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CDH - Comissão de Direitos Humanos e Legislação Participativa - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CDIR - Comissão Diretora do Senado Federal - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CDR - Comissão de Desenvolvimento Regional e Turismo - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CE - Comissão de Educação e Cultura - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CEsp - Comissão de Esporte - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CI - Comissão de Serviços de Infraestrutura - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CMA - Comissão de Meio Ambiente - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CRA - Comissão de Agricultura e Reforma Agrária - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CRE - Comissão de Relações Exteriores e Defesa Nacional - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CSP - Comissão de Segurança Pública - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
- ^ "CTFC - Comissão de Transparência, Governança, Fiscalização e Controle e Defesa do Consumidor - Atividade Legislativa - Senado Federal". legis.senado.leg.br. Retrieved 2026-10-06.
External links#edit
- Official website of the Brazilian Senate (archived 15 June 2014)
- (in Portuguese) Photos 360° of the Brazilian Senate
- List of all Brazilian senators (1826–2011) (in Portuguese)
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