Quire

Pitch (sports field)

From Quire, the open reference·Surface on which a sports game takes place·3 min read
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A pitch or a sports ground is an outdoor playing area for various sports. The term pitch is most commonly used in British English,[1] while the comparable term in Australian, American and Canadian English is playing field or sports field.[2]

For most sports the official term is field of play, although this is not regularly used by those outside refereeing/umpiring circles. The field of play generally includes out-of-bounds areas that a player is likely to enter while playing a match, such as the area beyond the touchlines in association football and rugby or the sidelines in American and Canadian football, or the "foul territory" in baseball.[3]

The surface of a pitch is most commonly composed of sod (grass), but may also be artificial turf, sand, clay, gravel, concrete, or other materials. A playing field on ice may be referred to as a rink, for example an ice hockey rink, although rink may also refer to the entire building or, in the sport of curling, to either the building or a particular team.

In the sport of cricket, the cricket pitch refers not to the entire field of play, but to the section of the field on which batting and bowling take place in the centre of the field. The pitch is prepared differently from the rest of the field, to provide a harder surface for bowling.

A pitch is often a regulation space, as in an association football pitch.

The term level playing field is also used metaphorically to mean fairness in non-sporting human activities such as business where there are notional winners and losers.[4]

Field sizes#edit

SportRegulated byShapeField
length		Total
length		WidthTotal
width		Depth/heightSurfaceDiagram
Aquatics
ArtisticWorld Aquatics[5]Cuboid30 meters20 meters3 meters
Diving20 meters25 meters5 meters
Swimming (Olympic)50 meters-25 meters-2-3 meters
Swimming (short course)25 meters-20 meters-2-2.5 meters
Waterpolo25 meters-20 meters-1.8 meters
Basketball
3x3[6]FIBA[7]Oblong rectangle11 meters-15 meters-
Basketball28 meters--
NBA[8]94 feet (29 m)-50 feet (15 m)-
Basque pelota
Jai alai[9]FIPVRectangular cuboid54 meters-10 meters-10 meters
Mur à gauche30 meters[10]
36 meters[11]
Trinquete[12]28.5 meters9.3 meters8.5 meters
Bat and ball sports
BaseballMLBNon standardized[13][14]250–400 feet (76–122 m)[3] (distance from home plate apex to nearest center field fence)-446.9–492.9 feet (136.2–150.2 m)[15]-grass and dirt
WBSC400 feet (120 m) (distance from home plate apex to center field fence)[16]-Distance between foul poles (each one are 275 feet (84 m) or more from home plate apex)-
Softball[17]Circular quadrant220–250 feet (67–76 m) (radius)-220–250 feet (67–76 m) (radius)-
Baseball5[18]Square18 metres (59 ft)21 metres (69 ft)18 metres (59 ft)21 metres (69 ft)1 metre (3.3 ft) (fence)
Vitilla[19]Circular sextant100 feet (30 m) (radius)-100 feet (30 m)-
PesapalloFinnish Pesäpallo Association[20]Irregular hexagon315 feet (96 m)-138 feet (42 m)--
RoundersGAA[21]Square70 meters-70 meters-.
CricketICC[22]Oval130–180 yards (120–160 m)-130–180 yards (120–160 m)--
Indoor cricketWICF[23]Rectangular cuboid28-30 meters-10.5-12 meters-4-4.5 meters
StoolballStoolball England[24]Circle90 yards (82 m) (diameter)-90 yards (82 m) (diameter)-
LaptaRussian Lapta Federation[25][26]Oblong rectangle40-55 meters-25-40 meters-
OinăRomanian Oină Federation[27]Oblong rectangle70 meters32 metersgrass
Schlagball[28][29]Oblong rectangle + trapezium70 metersplus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags25 metersplus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags
Boules
BocciaBISFed[30]Oblong rectangle12.5 meters-6 meters--polished concrete, wooden, natural or synthetic rubber.
Bocce volo[31]WPBFOblong rectangle27.5 meters-2.5-4 meters-
Petanque[32]15 meters-4 meters-
Raffa[33]6.5 meters-4-4.5 meters-natural ground or synthetic material
Combat sports
Amateur boxingWorld boxing[34]Rectangular cuboid6.1 meters6.1 meters1.3 meterscanvas, rubber
Bare-knuckle boxingBKFC[35]Cylinder22 feet (6.7 m) (diameter)22 feet (6.7 m) (diameter)
Amateur wrestling[36]UWWCircle9 meters (diameter)9 meters (diameter)
International grappling[37]
Amateur MMA[38]
FencingFIE[39]Oblong rectangle14 meters17–18 meters1.5 meters--
KarateWKF[40]Square8 meters8 meters
Kickboxing (ring)WAKO[41]Rectangular cuboid5.2 meters5.2 meters1.32 metersfelt, rubber
Kickboxing (tatami)Square7 meters7 metersfoam
Mixed Martial ArtsUFC[42]Octagonal prism30 feet (9.1 m)30 feet (9.1 m)69 inches (1.8 m)
Bellator MMA[35]Cylinder36 feet (11 m) (diameter)36 feet (11 m) (diameter)69 inches (1.8 m)
Muay ThaiIFMA[43]Rectangular cuboid6-6.5 meters6-6.5 meters1.2-1.5 metersfelt, rubber or other suitable material
TaekwondoWT[44]Octagon8 meters8 meters
Cue sports
Carom[45]WCBSOblong rectangle2.79-2.89 meters3.065-3.115 meters1.37-1.47 meters1.6245-1.695 meters0.787-0.837 meters
Pool[46]Rounded rectangle100–100.125 inches (2.5400–2.5432 m) (9 feet)
92–92.125 inches (2.3368–2.3400 m) (8 feet)		107.875–115.125 inches (2.7400–2.9242 m) (9 feet)
98.875–107.125 inches (2.5114–2.7210 m) (8 feet)		50–50.125 inches (1.2700–1.2732 m) (9 feet)
46–46.125 inches (1.1684–1.1716 m) (8 feet)		57.875–65.125 inches (1.4700–1.6542 m) (9 feet)
53.875–61.125 inches (1.3684–1.5526 m) (8 feet)		29.25–31 inches (0.743–0.787 m)
Snooker[47]Oblong rectangle140–141 inches (3.6–3.6 m)69.5–70.5 inches (1.77–1.79 m)33.5–34.5 inches (0.85–0.88 m)
Cycling
ArtisticUCI[48]Oblong rectangle12-14 meters-9-11 meters--
Cycle ballwood, parquet, chipboard, triplex, synthetic
Equestrian
DressageFEIOblong rectangle60 meters-20 meters-sand
Polo[49][50][51]FIPOblong rectangle250–300 yards (230–270 m)-160–200 yards (150–180 m)-grass
Arena polo[52][53]50–100 yards (46–91 m)-25–50 yards (23–46 m)-snow
Football codes
Soccer[54]FIFAOblong rectangle100–130 yards (91–119 m)
110–120 yards (100–110 m) (international)		-50–100 yards (46–91 m)
70–80 yards (64–73 m) (international)		-grass, artificial
Beach soccer[55]35–37 meters-26–28 meters-sand
Futsal[56]25-42 meters
38-42 meters (international)		-16-25 meters
20-25 meters (international)		-wood, artificial
American[57]IFAFOblong rectangle100 yards (91 m)120 yards (110 m)160 feet (49 m)-grass, artificial
Flag[58] (standard)50 yards (46 m)70 yards (64 m)25 yards (23 m)--solid, sand
Arena[59][60]Rounded rectangle50 yards (46 m)66 yards (60 m)28 yards (26 m)-artificial
CanadianFootball Canada[61]Oblong rectangle110 yards (100 m)150 yards (140 m)65 yards (59 m)-grass, artificial
Rugby unionWorld Rugby[62]Oblong rectangle94-100 meters106-144 meters68-70 meters-grass, sand, clay, snow, artificial
Rugby leagueIRL[63]100 meters112-122 meters68 meters-grass
Australian rules (professional)AFL Commission[64]Oval135-185 meters-110-155 meters-grass
International rulesAFL Commission and GAA[65]Oblong rectangle145 meters-90 meters-
GaelicGAA[66]130–145 meters-80–90 meters-
Gymnastics
Artistic (floor)World Gymnastics[67]Square11.97-12.03 meters11.97-12.03 meters
Artistic (vault)Oblong rectangle32.2 meters2.5 meters
RhythmicSquare12.97-13.03 meters12.97-13.03 meters
Handball
Indoor[68] and wheelchair[69]IHFOblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-
Beach[70]27 meters-12 meters-sand
Hockey
Ball hockeyISBHF[71]Rounded cuboid56-61 meters-26-30 meters-Boards (1.02-1.22 meters height) + protective glass (1.6-4 meters height) + protective end zone netasphalt
BandyFIB[72]Oblong rectangle100-110 meters-60-65 meters-ice
Rink bandy45-60 meters-26-31 meters-Boards: 15-122 centimeters height
Field[73]FIHOblong rectangle100 yards (91 m)-60 yards (55 m)-
Indoor[74]36-44 meters-18-22 meters-
Beach[75]30-35 meters-20-25 meters-sand
FloorballIFF[76]Rounded cuboid36-40 meters-18-20 meters-
IceIIHF[77]Rounded cuboid61 meters-30 meters-Boards (1.07-2.4 meters height) + protective glass (1.8-4 meters height) + protective netice
NHL[78]200 feet (61 m)-85 feet (26 m)-
Inline[79]World SkateRounded cuboid131–197 feet (40–60 m)-66–98 feet (20–30 m)-Boards: 40–48 inches (1.0–1.2 m) heightsport tile, wood, asphalt or cement
Quad[80]34-44 meters-17-22 meters-Boards: 1 meter heightwood, cement
UnicycleIUF[81]Rounded rectangle35-45 meters-20-25 meters-
UnderwaterCMAS[82]Rectangular cuboid21-25 meters-12-15 meters-2-3.65 meters
Ice skating
Ice dance[83]ISUOblong rectangle56-60 meters-26-30 meters-ice
Speed skating (Long track)Stadium178 meters-66 meters--
Speed skating (Short track)60 meters-30 meters--
Korfball
Korfball[84]IKFOblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-
Beach[85]20 meters-10 meters-sand
Outdoor[86]40-60 meters20-30 meters
Lacrosse
Field[87]World LacrosseOblong rectangle110 meters-60 meters-
Women[88]100 meters-50-60 meters-
Box[89]55-61 meters-24-28 meters-artificial turf, concrete
Sixes[90]70 meters-36 meters-
Intercrosse[91]Oblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-wood
Netball
Netball[92]World NetballOblong rectangle100 feet (30 m)-50 feet (15 m)-wood
FAST5[93]
Racquet sports
BadmintonBWF[94]Oblong rectangle44 feet (13 m)17.4 meters17 feet (5.2 m)
20 feet (6.1 m) (doubles)		8.18 meters
9.1 meters (doubles)
PadelFIP[95]Rectangular cuboid19.9-20.1 meters-9.95-10.05 meters-4 meters
Squash (singles)World Squash[96]Cuboid9.75 meters-6.40 meters-4.57 meters
Squash (doubles)9.75 meters-8.42 meters-4.57 meters
Table tennisITTF[97]Oblong rectangle2.74 meters14 meters (playing space)1.525 meters7 meters (playing space)76 centimeters
91.25 centimeters (including net)
Tennis[98]ITFOblong rectangle78 feet (24 m)37 meters27 feet (8.2 m)
36 feet (11 m) (doubles)		18 metersclay, grass, hard
Beach tennis[99]16 meters4.5 meters
8 meters (doubles)		sand
Roller racing
Inline speed skating[100]World SkateStadium[101]50 meters (100 m lap)
60 meters (125-200 m lap)		25 meters (100 m lap)
30 meters (125-200 m lap)
Roller derby[102]108 feet (33 m)75 yards (69 m)
Tag games
Kabaddi (standard)[103]IKF[104]Oblong rectangle13 meters-10 meters--
Kabaddi (circle-style)[105]Circle44 meters-44 meters--
Kho khoIKKFOblong rectangle27 meters30 meters16 meters19 meters-
Kho kho (Ultimate)[106]22 meters26 meters16 meters20 meters-
Tchoukball
Tchoukball[107]FITBOblong rectangle26-29 meters-15-17 meters-
Beach[108]21-23 meters-11-13 m-sand
Track and field
IndoorWorld Athletics[109]Stadium90.03 meters-45.78 meters--
Outdoor176.91 meters-92.52 meters--
Ultimate
Ultimate[110]WFDFOblong rectangle64 meters100 meters37 meters--
Beach[111]49 yards (45 m)82 yards (75 m)27 yards (25 m)--sand
Volleyball
Volleyball[112]FIVBOblong rectangle18 meters24-31 m9 meters15-19 meterswooden, synthetic
Beach[113] and Beach 4x4[114]16 meters20-28m8 meters18-20 meterssand
Snow[115]16 meters22 meters8 meters14 meterssnow
SittingWPV[116]Oblong rectangle10 meters16 meters6 meters12 meterswooden, synthetic
Other
BowlingIBFOblong rectangle754.1875 inches (19.15636 m)41–42 inches (1.0–1.1 m)wood or synthetic material
Canoe poloICF[117]Oblong rectangle35 meters23 meterswater
DodgeballWDA[118]Oblong rectangle17 meters-8 meters--
FistballIFA[119]Oblong rectangle50 meters62 meters20 meters32 meters
Gaelic gamesGAA[66]Oblong rectangle145 meters-90 meters-grass
GoalballIBSA[120]Oblong rectangle18 meters-9 meters-wood, plastic or synthetic
International game[121]CIJBOblong rectangle70 meters-20 meters--Concrete or asphalt
One-wall handball[122]10.6 meters-6.1 meters-4.9 meters
Sepak takrawISTAF[123]Oblong rectangle44 feet (13 m)19.4 meters20 feet (6.1 m)12.1 meters
ShintyCamanachd Association[124]Oblong rectangle140–170 yards (130–160 m)-70–80 yards (64–73 m)-
WeightliftingIWF[125]Square4 meters4 metershardwood
Wheelchair rugbyWWR[126]Oblong rectangle28 meters-15 meters-
Field size comparisons
Different sports
Baseball and Cricket
Basketball
Ice hockey
Ice hockey and long/short track
Football codes
American and Arena football
Association football
Soccer and Polo

Game court#edit

Game court is one of the names for a multi-sport athletic space, typically constructed outdoors, where such games as basketball, volleyball, paddle tennis and other racquet sports, and up to a dozen more games and activities can be played. They are usually smaller than a regulation tennis (120' x 60') or basketball (84'x50') court, although there is no set dimensions or size for a game court. The game-court concept was popularized by Sport Court in the 1970s, and some generic references are made to game courts as 'sport courts', although that is a trademark of Connor Sport Court International, LLC. Game courts are often found in residential backyards, giving families and children opportunities for healthy recreation close to home.[127]

Game courts are usually constructed using a rectangular sub-base made from concrete or asphalt, then covered with an open-grid modular polypropylene (or similar) sports surface to improve safety. Most feature athletic equipment such as basketball goals, net systems for racquet sports, volleyball and badminton, lights for nighttime play, fencing or ball containment netting, hockey/soccer goals, lines or markings for various sports, and practice or training components can also be incorporated into the design.

Surface#edit

The surface of a game court—as opposed to simply playing on concrete or asphalt—is designed for safe play and to reduce injury. Many people have started to use suspended athletic courts to cover old athletic courts like tennis courts and basketball courts. The surface should provide appropriate traction for various types of sports and activities, as well as shock or force reduction to minimize overuse and stress injuries.

Game courts are typically custom-designed to the interests of the family or organization, and are versatile in enabling a wide variety of sports to be played in a relatively small space. Some activities played on a game court are enjoyable modifications of other sports (such as short-court tennis) that allow for similar skills to be developed as the 'regulation' game, but on a reduced-scale court size. A typical game court of 50 by 30 feet (15.2 m × 9.1 m) might include a basketball key and 3-point line arranged around a hoop, overlaid by short-court tennis or pickleball lines (which can also be used for volleyball or badminton) along the longer dimension.

Ball containment#edit

Game courts for private use will frequently be built with a high fence surrounding the surface to allow for containment of the ball used in play, and, if required, to prevent people from entering. Any of several materials have been used, including chain-link fencing, welded wire mesh fence, and fabric mesh or netting.

See also#edit

References#edit

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Categories Outdoor structuresSports terminologySports venues by typePlaying field surfacesAssociation football venues

This article is mirrored from “Pitch (sports field)” on English Wikipedia, revision 1382318294, written by Wikipedia's contributors and licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Editing it here creates a Quire copy with its own history.

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